Questions.
Question 1.
Which of the following is incorrect?
- a) Skeletal muscle in the somatic efferent system is innovated by nicotinic receptors
- b) For blood vessels in the sympathetic system, the preganlion releases ACh to bind to nicotinic receptors. The post ganglion releases nor adrenaline
- c) For sweat glands in the sympathetic nervous system, the preganlion releases ACh to bind to nACh receptors. The post ganglion releases ACh to bind to mACh receptors
- d) For salivery glands in the parasympathetic nervous system, the preganlion releases ACh to bind to nACh receptors. The post ganglion releases ACh to bind to mACh receptors
- e) The adrenal medulla is has a mACh receptor
Question 2.
The parasympathetic nervous system is composed of?
- a) The Cranial and sacral outflow
- b) The thoracic and lumbar outflow
- c) The thoracic and sacral outflow
- d) The cranial and sacral outflow
Question 3.
The 10th cranial nerve is apart of the craniosacral outflow, which of the following does it not innovate
- a) Heart
- b) Lung
- c) Upper GI tract
- d) Liver
Question 4.
Which of the following statements is false
- a) The ciliary muscle in the eye is only innovated by the parasympathetic nervous system
- b) Sweat glands are only innovated by the parasympathetic nervous system
- c) The parasympathetic nervous system results in bradycardia and the sympathetic nervous system results in tachy cardia
Question 5.
Identify the incorrect statement for the 5 subtypes of ACh receptors
- a) Muscarinic 1 receptor has the g protein q to increase PLC, resulting in salivary and gastric acid secretion
- b) Muscarinic 2 receptor has the g protein i/o to decrease AC, resulting in bradycardia
- c) Muscarinic 3 receptor has the g protein q decreasing PLC, resulting in pupillary constriction in the eye.
Question 6.
The pathway of synthesis of adrenaline is: (arrange in correct order)
i) Tyrosine ii) Dopamine iii) Adrenaline iv) Nor adrenaline v) DOPA
- a) i, iv, v, ii, iii
- b) iv, i, v, ii, iii
- c) v, i, ii, iii, iv
- d) i, v, ii, iv, iii
Question 7.
Adrenergic receptors are innovated by adrenaline, which of the following is incorrect regarding the division of adrenergic receptors
- a) α1 resulting in vasoconstriction due to Gα/q increasing neurotransmitter PLC
- b) α2 inhibition of transmitter release resulting in Gα/i decreasing AC neurotransmitter
- c) β1 resulting in an increased rate and force of contraction of heart due to Gα/s increasing AC
- d) β2 resulting in the relaxation of smooth muscle due to Gα/s resulting in a decrease of AC
- e) β3 resulting in relaxation of bladder smooth muscle due to Gα/s resulting in an increase of AC
Question 8.
A patient comes to you with a racing heart, they have been consuming a β2 antagonist, which is starting to act as a β1 antagonist as well? [3 marks]
Question 9.
A patient with a slow heart was prescribed a β1 agonist, which is starting to have off target effects on β3 receptors. What is the expected consequence of this? [3 marks]
Question 10.
True or false:
75% of noradrenaline is recycled, through norepinephrine transporters (NET), the other 25% is broken down by MAO and COMT.
Answers.
- e
- a – The thoracolumbar is the sympathetic nervous system
- d
- b
- c
- d
- d, β2 resulting in the relaxation of smooth muscle due to Gα/s resulting in a decrease of AC
- Bradycardia
- More frequent urge to urinate
- True
